Question 31:  What do we mean by Christ's humiliation?

 By Christ's humiliation we mean that he was born, and that in a low condition; that he was made under the law, and underwent the miseries of this life, the wrath of God, and the cursed death of the cross; that he was buried, and continued under the power of death for a time.

 

DAY 1:  Galatians 4:4; Luke 2:7

 

            When we speak of Christ’s birth we speak about His coming to earth physically.  We are not implying that He had a beginning, nor are we saying that when He died He had an ending.  We are merely speaking to the incarnation.  Micah 5:2 tells us, when prophesying about the Messiah’s coming, that He will be from everlasting.  He is the eternal God who has taken on human flesh.

            Our passage in Galatians 4 tells us that God had a timetable which was right on schedule.  In Daniel chapter nine we find that God had given His people a specific period of time when the Messiah would show up.  This would be about the time of His death.  However, the idea was to give them hope in the midst of the Babylonian captivity.  They were not to think that God had forsaken them, but rather that He was merely disciplining them, because of His love for them.  God says, through Daniel the prophet (9:25-26), that there will be 483 years until the Messiah shows up and is killed.  This is what is implied in the text we are seeing.  The phrase “the fullness of time” refers to the completion of the time God said would take place.  Everything was put in order so that there might be the language that the gospel would be written in, Greek, and the roads might be made to take the gospel to the world, via Rome.  The entire world was being prepared for the coming of Jesus Christ.

            Between Luke’s gospel and Paul’s letter to the Galatians, we see that Jesus was born into the world.  However, this simply affirms His humanity.  As we have discussed, He is eternal and had no beginning.  He had to be fully man in order to take the sins of the world upon Himself as our substitute.  But, He also had to be fully God in order that His sacrifice might have the infinite power to redeem all those He was going to purchase.

            He also came in humble settings.  Luke tells us it was in a stable and that His crib was a manger.  Though He was a king, he came as a little baby.  Instead of coming as the one giving the law, He came as one under the law.  He came as all men do.  Only His conception was different than any other man’s.  His mother was a virgin (cf. Isa. 7:14).  But, His life was that which was under the law of God.  Unlike any other man, Jesus Christ fulfilled the requirements of the law.  He was totally perfect and sinless in all His dealings throughout His life.  Christ had to live this life in order that He might be the perfect sacrifice on men’s behalf.  Therefore, He is able to apply to believers His perfect righteousness.

 

 

DAY 2:  Isaiah 53:3; Philippians 2:8

 

            Speaking to the miseries of this life that Christ endured, the prophet Isaiah said, “He is despised and rejected of men”.  He was treated with contempt by those who did not believe He was who He said He was.  Even His own brothers rejected His claims (John 7:1-9).  It even came to the point that the entire crowd gathered there in Jerusalem rejected Him. 

            He was a man of sorrows.  The Hebrew word for sorrows carries the idea of pain and suffering.  We watch as His suffering begins internally in the garden (Luke 22:44) and we see as He is beaten (Matt. 27:26), mocked (27:27-31), and crucified (27:35).  It was as if He were in the midst of wild animals (cf. Psalm 22).  Here was the Son of God, treated less than a human on our behalf.

            Isaiah also tells us that He was acquainted with grief.  Here the word can mean sickness or disease or weakness.  This can have both a physical and spiritual significance.  For instance in the passage of Luke 22:44 we see Christ sweating great drops of blood.  John MacArthur says this “suggests a dangerous condition known as hematidrosis, the effusion of blood in one’s perspiration.  It can be caused by extreme anguish or physical strain.”  Not only this but the weakness brought on by the extended periods without rest and the physical abuse may have left his body very weak.  We also know from Isaiah 53:4, which can refer to Jesus healing ministry (see Matt. 8:16-17), that it speaks to the disease of sin that He bore on the cross.  Christ’s intended purpose was to remove the sickness of sin (Matt. 1:21)

Isaiah also tells us that we hid our faces from Him and didn’t even think much of Him and the work He did.  Isaiah speaks in the first person here.  Though he is a man of God, even a prophet, he recognizes his own sinfulness and lack of esteem of the Messiah (cf. Isa. 6:5) and lumps himself in with his people. 

            But Christ not only submitted Himself to become man and endure the sufferings of this life and of the cross, but He also submitted Himself, in obedience to the Father, to the death of the cross.  That’s right.  He submitted Himself unto the power of death.  This does however, refer to His physical body.  It does not refer to His spirit (cf. 1 Peter 3:18).  Christ did not have to die spiritually, as some say.  Rather, His sacrifice was to satisfy the just demands of God, which was death (Ezek. 18:20; Rom. 6:23).

            Christ remained under death for a brief point of time, only three days.  It was then that He came back to life and lives forevermore.  He has conquered death and the grave and has granted to those who believe in Him the same victory (1 Cor. 15:50-57).  One day Death will be thrown into the lake of fire and will never be heard from again (Rev. 20:14)

 

DAY 3:  Luke 22:44; Matt. 27:46; Mark 15:45-46

 

      We saw in the previous lesson the picture in Luke 22:44, so we won’t take time to deal with the passage.  You may want to reemphasize the humanity of Christ and the things that Christ experienced.  This may help our families to understand; that He was not only God, but that He was the God-man.  His body was subject to the things ours are, such as hunger (Matt. 4:2-4), thirst (John 19:28), grief (John 11:35) and many more things, even His contemplating the things about to come to pass in His passion seemed to overwhelm Him and cause Him great distress.  It is here, in the garden where it seems that His humanity and His divinity are so apparent.  We see the fact that He is willing to submit Himself to His Father’s will, but we also see His distress at what He is about to face.  We sometimes see that same distress, although usually not to that magnitude in our own lives.  We want to submit ourselves to the known will of the Father and yet we sometimes see what awaits us if we do and we count the cost and the cost may be very high.  We must learn from the Lord’s example to submit ourselves to the Father.

            Matthew tells us that before Christ died He cried out “My God, My God, Why hast thou forsaken me?”  Jesus uses a combination of the Hebrew and Aramaic when calling out and it is not clear why He does this.  However, it is a parallel with Psalm 22:1.  Also, as we have referenced, Psalm 22 is a prophecy in and of itself of the crucifixion.  This seems to be the thing that was most dreaded by Jesus during His prayer in the garden.  The fact that He would face divine abandonment from His own Father and come under His wrath was frightening to Him.  This reality had never before happened at any time in eternity that the Son would sense the Father’s abandonment.  It seems that this was the moment that Christ knew that all had been fulfilled and it was just after this that He willingly gave up His spirit and died.

      Like those that die, Jesus was buried.  We saw previously in Deuteronomy that when a person was executed and hung on a tree for public display, they were to be taken down by the end of the day.  This was God’s law.  The Sabbath was approaching and there was a man named Joseph of Arimathea came asked Pilate for the body of Jesus that he might give Him a proper burial.  Joseph and Nicodemus took the body and wrapped it and buried it in the Joseph’s own tomb.  There the body lay until the resurrection morning.  However, this is to show that Christ really experienced a literal death.  Yes, from birth to burial, Christ experienced the things man experienced, yet without sin. 

But He also experienced what all men will experience… a resurrection.  Yes, all men will experience a resurrection.  Some will experience a resurrection of everlasting life and some will rise to experience eternal damnation (Dan. 12:2; 1 Thess. 4:15-18; Rev. 20:12).  Let us therefore be sober minded and seek after the Lord that we may attain the better resurrection.

 

Scripture: Luke 2:7; Galatians 4:4; Isaiah 53:3; Luke 22:44; Matthew 12:40; 27:46; Philippians 2:8; Mark 15:45-46